Fresh-air cooling · FORM Fes Klima · Fes Chill
Industrial Evaporative Cooling Systems for Hot-Climate Facilities
Where sealed air conditioning is impractical, hot outside air is cooled by water and delivered to the hall as fresh air. Erdinç Klima sizes FORM Fes Klima units to the wet-bulb climate of the site, designs the ductwork and exhaust, installs the system and services it every season, as FORM's solution partner since 2008.
Industrial evaporative cooling lowers air temperature by evaporating water into a moving air stream. It uses no compressor and no refrigerant, only water and a fan, so its electricity use is a fraction of conventional DX air conditioning of comparable airflow. It is the standard solution for large, high-ceiling or partly open industrial spaces. Performance depends on how dry the outside air is, not how hot it is: inland sites such as Baghdad or Riyadh are excellent applications, humid coastal Gulf sites are limited to spot cooling. Erdinç Klima supplies FORM Fes Klima units of 5,000 to 80,000 m³/h per unit, calculates the air change rate and exhaust area, and supports projects across Türkiye, the Balkans, the Caucasus and the Middle East from Istanbul.
What is industrial evaporative cooling?
An industrial evaporative cooler draws hot outside air through a wetted cellulose pad. Water evaporating from the pad absorbs heat from the air, and the air leaving the unit is cooler and more humid. A fan then distributes that air into the space. There is no compressor, no refrigerant circuit and no sealed-room requirement.
SCROLL THE DRAWING →
- 1Cellulose pad — on the side faces of the unit; hot, dry outside air is drawn in here
- 2Water distribution pipe — pumped water spreads evenly over the top of the pad, which stays wet continuously
- 3Water tank and circulation pump — water draining from the pad returns to the tank; evaporated water is topped up from the mains
- 4Fan and motor — radial or axial; moves the air through the wet pad
- 5Outlet — cool, humidified fresh air is delivered by duct or directly into the space
- ηT_adi = T_db − η × (T_db − T_wb); η = pad efficiency, T_wb = wet-bulb temperature. The drier the outside air, the larger the cooling effect
Because the system continuously introduces outside air rather than recirculating it, the space receives a full air change many times per hour. In welding shops, foundries, plastic injection halls and commercial kitchens this matters as much as the temperature drop: fumes, heat and odour are pushed out rather than mixed around.
The trade-off is that the supply air carries added moisture. In a sealed office this would be a problem; in a high-ceiling production hall with open doors or ridge ventilation it is not, because the moist air leaves the building continuously. Correct exhaust design is therefore part of the system, not an afterthought.
Where evaporative cooling works best, and where it does not
Performance is governed by the wet-bulb depression, the gap between dry-bulb and wet-bulb temperature. The drier the air, the larger the possible temperature drop. A 45 °C day in Riyadh yields a far greater drop than a 40 °C day in coastal Doha, because the Riyadh air is dry and the Doha air is not.
This is the single most important thing to establish before specifying a system, and it is where most disappointing installations originate: the equipment was fine, the climate was misread. The table shows indicative supply-air temperatures at typical summer design conditions, assuming a 100 mm cellulose pad at 85 % saturation efficiency.
| Location | Summer design dry-bulb / wet-bulb | Indicative supply air | Suitability |
|---|---|---|---|
| Riyadh, Saudi Arabia | 44 °C / 19 °C | ≈ 23 °C | Excellent |
| Baghdad, Iraq | 46 °C / 21 °C | ≈ 25 °C | Excellent |
| Amman, Jordan | 36 °C / 18 °C | ≈ 21 °C | Excellent |
| Cairo, Egypt | 38 °C / 21 °C | ≈ 24 °C | Very good |
| Tbilisi · Baku | 35 °C / 21 °C | ≈ 23 °C | Good |
| Belgrade · Sofia · Bucharest | 34 °C / 21 °C | ≈ 23 °C | Good |
| Skopje · Tirana | 36 °C / 20 °C | ≈ 22 °C | Very good |
| Coastal Gulf (Dubai, Doha), humid months | 40 °C / 30 °C | ≈ 32 °C | Limited — spot cooling only |
Indicative values calculated from design conditions; they are not performance guarantees. Actual results depend on local meteorological data, air change rate, internal heat gain and exhaust design. In humid coastal climates during peak summer we recommend DX or chilled water instead, or evaporative cooling limited to spot cooling at specific workstations. We would rather lose the order than supply a system that will disappoint on site.
Evaporative cooling vs conventional DX air conditioning
The two technologies solve different problems. DX air conditioning cools and dehumidifies a sealed volume; evaporative cooling cools and ventilates an open or high-volume space. For a 10,000 m² production hall with loading doors open all day, sealing the building to make DX viable usually costs more than the cooling itself.
| Criterion | Conventional DX air conditioning | Industrial evaporative cooling |
|---|---|---|
| Electricity consumption | High — compressor driven | Low — fan and pump only |
| Open or semi-open areas | Very poor — cooled air escapes | Full effectiveness |
| Air quality | Recirculated air | Continuous fresh outside air |
| Refrigerant | HFC — F-Gas regulated | None — water only |
| Large-area coverage | Dead zones likely | Uniform air distribution |
| Capital cost | High | Low to moderate |
| Humid coastal climates | Effective | Limited |
| Sealed clean rooms, offices | Required | Not suitable |
Exhaust is not optional. An evaporative system pushes fresh air in; the building must let the same volume out. Ridge vents, wall louvres or powered exhaust should be sized for at least 80 % of supply airflow, 100 % is ideal. Under-sized exhaust is the most common cause of poor results: the hall pressurises, air change collapses and the temperature drop never materialises.
Product range and technical data
We supply and install the FORM Fes Klima industrial evaporative range, manufactured in Türkiye: 5,000 to 80,000 m³/h per unit, cellulose pads, direct-drive axial fans and galvanised or polymer housings. Multiple units are combined to cover large halls; Fes Chill modules pre-cool condenser air on chillers and split outdoor units.
Unit selection is made per project. Send us the hall dimensions, target air change rate, internal heat sources and local design conditions, and we return a unit count, layout and exhaust recommendation.
| Parameter | Typical range |
|---|---|
| Airflow per unit | 5,000 – 80,000 m³/h |
| Pad type and depth | Cellulose, 100 – 150 mm |
| Saturation efficiency | 80 – 90 % |
| Fan drive | Direct-drive axial |
| Housing | Galvanised steel or polymer |
| Water connection | Float-fed tank with drain and bleed-off |
| Control | Local panel or BMS-compatible |
Typical applications
Evaporative cooling suits large-volume spaces with high internal heat gain and tolerance for fresh-air humidity: manufacturing halls, warehouses, workshops, greenhouses, poultry and livestock buildings, sports halls and commercial kitchens.
- Manufacturing and process halls — plastic injection, textile, metal forming, foundries; high machine heat load, doors frequently open
- Warehouses and logistics centres — large footprint, low occupancy density, DX economically unviable
- Workshops and maintenance bays — welding and grinding fumes require air change, not recirculation
- Greenhouses and agricultural buildings — added humidity is a benefit rather than a drawback
- Sports halls — high occupancy, high ventilation requirement
- Commercial kitchens — heat and odour extraction combined with make-up air
Supply and project support from Türkiye
Projects are supplied from Istanbul to Türkiye, the Balkans, Iraq, Georgia, Azerbaijan, Egypt and the Arab countries. Equipment is CE conformant and spare parts ship from stock rather than on a container schedule.
For contractors and distributors we work in one of two ways. Either we supply equipment with a sizing study, layout drawing and commissioning guidance for your own installation team; or we join the project earlier, review the building and produce the full airflow and exhaust design before equipment is selected.
What we need to quote: hall dimensions and height, roof and wall construction, existing ventilation openings, main internal heat sources, target indoor condition, and the nearest city for design weather data. A layout drawing or even a clear set of photographs shortens the process considerably.
Distributor and contractor enquiries: if you are evaluating a territory partnership rather than a single project, say so in your first message and the enquiry is routed accordingly.
Related pages
The other systems on this site, and the Turkish version of this page.
- 08-A
All industrial cooling systems
Evaporative cooling, panel air conditioners, chillers, smoke ventilation and F-Gas compliance from one supplier.
Go to the overview → - 08-B
Smoke and natural ventilation
Ridge vents and roof units sized for smoke exhaust usually provide the exhaust area an evaporative system needs.
Smoke ventilation → - 08-C
Turkish version of this page
Evaporative cooling page in Turkish, with the airflow calculator and FORM Fes catalogues.
Turkish version →
Frequently asked questions
Climate, water, exhaust and maintenance questions from plant managers and contractors.
Send us your hall, we will size the system
Dimensions, heat sources and your nearest city are enough for a first-pass unit count and layout. If evaporative cooling is the wrong answer for your site, we say so and point you to the right one. Technical consultation by phone or WhatsApp is free; site visits are quoted.
20+ years · authorised Rittal service partner · Istanbul, Türkiye
- Phone
- +90 216 344 48 19
- +90 532 424 62 19
- info @erdincklima.com
- Address
- Esatpaşa Mah., Binikli Sk., Alibey Apt. No: 2/A-B-C, 34704 Ataşehir / İstanbul
- Hours
- Mon–Fri 09:00–18:00 · Sat by appointment
SON GÜNCELLEME: · İçerik Erdinç Klima teknik ekibince hazırlanır ve üretici dokümanlarıyla doğrulanır.